Platelet-rich fibrin: Basics of biological actions and protocol modifications

TLDR

Platelet‑rich fibrin (PRF) is a second‑generation, autologous platelet concentrate that is inexpensive, easy to prepare, and releases growth factors over an extended period, yet protocols vary and evidence on its effects on hard and soft tissue healing remains conflicting. This article aims to clarify the physiological roles of specific PRF components and to outline emerging developmental approaches. The review traces the evolution of platelet concentrates and details the biological properties of various PRF procedural modifications.

Abstract

Abstract Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) represents second generation of platelet concentrates, which has gained increasing awareness in recent years for regenerative procedures. This biologic additive is completely autologous, easy to prepare, has minimal expense, and possesses prolonged growth factor release, together with several other advantages over traditionally prepared platelet concentrates. Since its introduction, various protocols for PRF preparation have been proposed with different amounts of growth factors and other biomolecules necessary for wound healing. However, reference data about potential effect of some PRF components on hard and soft tissue healing are still conflicting. The current article intends to clarify the relevant advances about physiological role of certain PRF components and to provide insight into the new developmental approach. Also, this review summarizes the evolution of platelet concentrates and biologic properties of different modifications of PRF procedure.