Disability Outcomes in the N-MOmentum Trial of Inebilizumab in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

<h3>Objective</h3> To assess treatment effects on Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score worsening and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores in the N-MOmentum trial of inebilizumab, a humanized anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody, in participants with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). <h3>Methods</h3> Adults (N = 230) with aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G-seropositive NMOSD or -seronegative neuromyelitis optica and an EDSS score ≤8 were randomized (3:1) to receive inebilizumab 300 mg or placebo on days 1 and 15. The randomized controlled period (RCP) was 28 weeks or until adjudicated attack, with an option to enter the inebilizumab open-label period. Three-month EDSS-confirmed disability progression (CDP) was assessed using a Cox proportional hazard model. The effect of baseline subgroups on disability was assessed by interaction tests. mRS scores from the RCP were analyzed by the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney odds approach. <h3>Results</h3> Compared with placebo, inebilizumab reduced the risk of 3-month CDP (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.375; 95% CI: 0.148–0.952; <i>p</i> = 0.0390). Baseline disability, prestudy attack frequency, and disease duration did not affect the treatment effect observed with inebilizumab (HRs: 0.213–0.503; interaction tests: all <i>p</i> &gt; 0.05, indicating no effect of baseline covariates on outcome). Mean EDSS scores improved with longer-term treatment. Inebilizumab-treated participants were more likely to have a favorable mRS outcome at the end of the RCP (OR: 1.663; 95% CI: 1.195–2.385; <i>p</i> = 0.0023). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Disability outcomes were more favorable with inebilizumab vs placebo in participants with NMOSD. <h3>Classification of Evidence</h3> This study provides Class II evidence that for patients with NMOSD, inebilizumab reduces the risk of worsening disability. N-MOmentum is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02200770.