Monolithic 3D Integration of High Endurance Multi-Bit Ferroelectric FET for Accelerating Compute-In-Memory

Abstract

We demonstrate, for the first time, monolithic 3D (M3D) integration of back-end-of-line (BEOL) compatible Hf <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> Zr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (HZO) ferroelectric FET (FeFET) with front-end-of-line (FEOL) high-k/metal gate (HKMG) Si-NMOS. We use low thermal budget (<; 400°C) processing to integrate HZO with 1% Tungsten (W)-doped amorphous In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> (IWO) semiconducting oxide channel and demonstrate high remnant polarization charge density 2P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</sub> , of 40μC/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> reliable with switching characteristics. We report (a) read memory window of 0.45V in ultra-scaled 20nm channel length IWO FeFET, (b) write speed of 100ns, and (c) write endurance >10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> cycle. We further demonstrate a 2bit/cell synaptic weight cell with well separated conductance states. System-level analysis of compute-in-memory (CIM) accelerators for performing inference on CIFAR-10 image dataset using VGG-8 model shows that 22nm BEOL FeFET achieves 3× higher energy-efficiency than 7nm SRAM while occupying a smaller memory array area due to area folding enabled by M3D architecture.