A redox-active ionic liquid manifesting charge-transfer interaction between a viologen and carbazole and its effect on the viscosity, ionic conductivity, and redox process of the viologen

Abstract

and CT-IL are consistent with the Nernstian and the interacting two-redox site models. Notably, the transport and electrochemical properties are modulated by CT interaction, leading to unique features that are not present in individual component ILs. The inclusion of CT interaction in RAILs thus provides a powerful means to expand the scope of functionalized ionic liquids.