Antibacterial Activity of Tris NaCl and PBS Buffer Protein Extract of <i>Cassia fistula</i>, <i>Saccharum officinarum</i>, <i>Albizia lebbeck</i> and <i>Cymbopogon citrates</i> Against Bacterial Strains

Abstract

Medicinal plants are gaining popularity over synthetic medicines because antibiotic resistance demands the alternative source of medication. In the present research, the crude protein extraction of 4 medicinal plants <i>Cassia fistula, Saccharum officinarum, Albizia lebbeck</i> and <i>Cymbopogon citrates</i> was carried out. Crude protein extraction was done by 2 different buffers i.e. Tris NaCl buffer and PBS buffer. Protein confirmation was done by Bradford assay in the spectrophotometer. Antibacterial potential was checked and compared against <i>Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Neisseria gonorrhoea, Bacillus cereus</i> and <i>Proteus mirabilis.</i> Antibacterial assay was performed by disc diffusion method, agar well method and zones of inhibition were calculated. The study results indicated that Tris NaCl extracts' antimicrobial potential is higher than that of the PBS buffer. On disc diffusion method the Tris NaCl buffer extracts of <i>Cymbopogon citrates</i> showed maximum zone of inhibition 11 mm and 9 mm against <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Bacillus cereus</i> respectively and control <i>chloramphenicol</i> showed maximum zone of inhibition 26 mm against <i>Bacillus subtilis. Cassia fistula</i> showed maximum zone of inhibition of 7 mm against <i>Bacillus cereus</i> while <i>Saccharum officinarum</i> and <i>Albizia lebbeck</i> didn't show the any antibacterial activity. On the other hand, Protein extracts from PBS buffer didn't show zone of inhibition against any bacteria. Only <i>Albizia lebbeck</i> showed minute zone of inhibition against <i>Neisseria gonorrhea</i>. On well diffusion method, <i>Cassia fistula</i> Tris NaCl protein extract showed the maximum zone of inhibition 20 mm and 18 mm against <i>Proteus mirabilis</i> and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> respectively. While <i>Albizia lebbeck</i> PBS protein extract showed the maximum zone of inhibition 19 mm and 17 mm against <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Bacillus cereus.</i> The results revealed that the protein extract of <i>Albizia lebbeck, Cymbopogon citrates and Cassia fistula</i> can be used tosynthesize antimicrobial drugs to treat the bacterial infections.