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An optimization model for charging and discharging battery-exchange buses: Consider carbon emission quota and peak-shaving auxiliary service market

Power MarketElectrical EngineeringCarbon Emission QuotaEngineeringSmart GridElectric VehiclesSustainable EnergyEnergy EfficiencyEnergy ManagementBattery-exchange BusesEnergy PolicyIncluding Vehicle-to-gridPeak ShavingOptimization ModelDemand ResponseElectricity Market