Cell membrane coated smart two-dimensional supraparticle for <i>in vivo</i> homotypic cancer targeting and enhanced combinational theranostics

Abstract

Development of intelligent and multifunctional nanoparticle for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer has drawn great attention recently. In this work, we design a smart two-dimensional (2D) supraparticle for tumor targeted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/photothermal imaging (PTI) and chemo/photothermal therapy (PTT). <b>Methods:</b> The nanoparticle consists of a manganese dioxide (MnO₂) nanosheet coated gold nanorod (GNR) core (loading with chemotherapeutics doxorubicin (DOX)), and cancer cell membrane shell (denoted as CM-DOX-GMNPs). Decoration of cell membrane endows the nanoparticle with greatly improved colloidal stability and homotypic cancer cell targeting ability. Once the nanoparticles enter tumor cells, MnO₂ nanosheets can be etched to Mn²⁺ by glutathione (GSH) and acidic hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in the cytosol, leading to the release of DOX. Meanwhile, stimuli dependent releasing of Mn²⁺ can act as MRI contrast agent for tumor diagnosis. Illumination with near-infrared (NIR) light, photothermal conversion effect of GNRs can be activated for synergistic cancer therapy. <b>Results:</b><i>In vivo</i> results illustrate that the CM-DOX-GMNPs display tumor specific MRI/PTI ability and excellent inhibition effect on tumor growth. <b>Conclusion:</b> This bioinspired nanoparticle presents an effective and intelligent approach for tumor imaging and therapy, affording valuable guidance for the rational design of robust theranostics nanoplatform.