Anatomically Complete Supraclavicular Reoperation for Recurrent Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Clinical Characteristics, Operative Findings, and Long-term Outcomes

Abstract

Anatomically complete decompression for recurrent NTOS can be safely and effectively accomplished by supraclavicular reoperation, regardless of the type of previous operation. Residual scalene muscle and retained/residual first rib are more frequently encountered after transaxillary operations than after supraclavicular or multiple/combined operations. Supraclavicular reoperation can achieve significant symptom reduction and functional improvement for approximately 90% of patients with recurrent NTOS.