Contemporary Outcomes of Patients with Nonmuscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Treated with bacillus Calmette-Guérin: Implications for Clinical Trial Design

Abstract

A contemporary cohort of patients with nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with adequate bacillus Calmette-Guérin demonstrated markedly better outcomes than seen in prior studies. These data could be used in the design of clinical trials, to guide power calculations, as well as serve as benchmarks for comparison to evaluate nonrandomized studies.