Grid Impact of Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Stations: Trends, Standards, Issues and Mitigation Measures - An Overview

TLDR

Widespread electric vehicle adoption is hindered by range anxiety, which fast charging can alleviate, but high charging rates impose grid impacts that have been studied separately without a comprehensive review. This paper systematically reviews fast charging technology, standards, power quality issues, and mitigation measures. The review examines CHAdeMO, GB/T, CCS, Tesla, IEEE, and IEC power quality standards and mitigation strategies.

Abstract

With growing concern on climate change, widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is important. One of the main barriers to EV acceptance is range anxiety, which can be alleviated by fast charging (FC). The main technology constraints for enabling FC consist of high-charging-rate batteries, high-power-charging infrastructure, and grid impacts. Although these technical aspects have been studied in literature individually, there is no comprehensive review on FC involving all the perspectives. Moreover, the power quality (PQ) problems of fast charging stations (FCSs) and the mitigation of these problems are not clearly summarized in the literature. In this paper, the state-of-the-art technology, standards for FC (CHAdeMO, GB/T, CCS, and Tesla), power quality issues, IEEE and IEC PQ standards, and mitigation measures of FCSs are systematically reviewed.