Opportunities of Aqueous Manganese‐Based Batteries with Deposition and Stripping Chemistry

Abstract

Abstract Rechargeable aqueous manganese‐based batteries have been attracting significant attention owing to their advantages of low cost, high safety, and ease of manufacturing, which are promising attributes for grid‐scale energy storage applications. However, most traditional manganese‐based batteries with solid‐state conversion and intercalation reactions suffer from low capacity and poor long‐term cycling stability. The recent novel storage mechanism based on cathode Mn 2+ /MnO 2 deposition/stripping chemistry has fundamentally tackled these issues, enabling a new generation of manganese‐based batteries with superior electrochemical performance. Here, the recent advances in aqueous manganese‐based batteries with the Mn 2+ /MnO 2 deposition/stripping chemistry are reviewed. A summary of the development of manganese‐based batteries with different storage mechanisms is provided and new opportunities for the emerging Mn 2+ /MnO 2 chemistry in the latest generation are highlighted. Then, the current understanding of the Mn 2+ /MnO 2 charge storage mechanism and its potential in manganese‐based batteries for large‐scale energy storage applications is presented. Moreover, insights into opportunities and future directions for manganese‐based batteries with the Mn 2+ /MnO 2 chemistry are proposed.