4-1BB co-stimulation further enhances anti-PD-1-mediated reinvigoration of exhausted CD39⁺ CD8 T cells from primary and metastatic sites of epithelial ovarian cancers

Abstract

Severely exhausted PD-1^high CD39⁺ CD8 TILs displayed a distinctly heterogeneous exhaustion and activation status determined by differential 4-1BB expression levels, providing rationale and evidence for immunotherapies targeting co-stimulatory receptor 4-1BB in ovarian cancers.