Virtual Reality-Based Music Therapy in Palliative Care: A Pilot Implementation Trial

Abstract

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Music therapy (MT) and virtual reality (VR) have shown favorable patient-reported outcomes during serious illness. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To evaluate implementation measures of feasibility, usability, and acceptability of a VR-based MT intervention. <b><i>Design:</i></b> A pilot implementation study of a two-day VR-MT intervention using mixed methods. Patients created a personalized soundtrack with a music therapist, and then paired the soundtrack with a 360° VR environment. <b><i>Setting/Subjects:</i></b> Hospitalized patients with palliative care needs. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 23 patients (ages 20-74 years, 52% women), 17 completed the intervention, including 39% during an intensive care unit stay. Participants scored usability above average. For satisfaction, 53% chose the highest rating. Most participants spoke favorably of VR-MT, describing pleasant emotional and physical responses. Participants provided feedback on length, frequency of use, VR options, and timing of delivery. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This VR-MT intervention was feasible, usable, and acceptable for hospitalized palliative care patients. Further study will test VR-MT outcomes.