Low-temperature operation of vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers

Abstract

Vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers originally designed for room temperature operation are operated at 77 K. At this temperature, the gain peak and the cavity mode do not overlap. However, due to joule heating, at high biasing levels they come back into alignment and high single-mode output powers and large modulation bandwidths are observed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>