<i>Meta</i>-Dehydrogenative Alkylation of Arenes with Ethers, Ketones, and Esters Catalyzed by Ruthenium

Abstract

A meta-dehydrogenative alkylation of arenes with cyclic ethers, ketones, and esters catalyzed by ruthenium is achieved in the presence of a di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) oxidant. Interestingly, when quinoline and isoquinoline are employed as the directing group, or a chain ether as alkylation reagent, the system produces Minisci reaction products. Mechanistic study indicates that meta-dehydrogenative alkylation is a radical process initiated by DTBP with the assistance of a CAr–Ru bond ortho/para-directing effect.