Quantitative temporally and spatially resolved X-ray fluorescence microprobe characterization of the manganese dissolution-deposition mechanism in aqueous Zn/α-MnO₂ batteries

Abstract

<italic>Operando</italic>, spatiotemporal resolved synchrotron X-ray fluorescence mapping measurements on a custom aqueous Zn/α-MnO₂ cell provided direct, quantitative evidence of a Mn dissolution-deposition faradaic mechanism that governs the electrochemistry.