Retrospective Analysis of Adoptive TIL Therapy plus Anti‐PD1 Therapy in Patients with Chemotherapy‐Resistant Metastatic Osteosarcoma

Abstract

Background . The pathological subtype of osteosarcoma is one of the most common malignant bone tumors. Notably, chemotherapy‐resistant metastatic osteosarcoma has been reported to cause significant mortality and shows poor prognosis with the currently available multidisciplinary treatments. This study investigated whether combined adoptive TIL and anti‐PD1 therapy improves the prognosis of patients with chemotherapy‐resistant metastatic osteosarcoma. Methods . A total of 60 patients with chemotherapy‐resistant metastatic osteosarcoma between June 2016 and March 2018 were enrolled. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the safety and adverse effects (AEs) of infusions of TIL and anti‐PD1 therapy in the patients. Besides, secondary endpoints included assessing the objective response rate (ORR), progression‐free survival time (PFS), and overall survival time (OS). Results . We reported that combined TIL therapy and anti‐PD1 therapy is safe and all treatment‐related AEs were reversible or manageable. The ORR of all the patients is 36.67%, and patients with more infusions of TIL and CD8 + TIL, less infusions of CD8 + PD1 + TIL, and less infusion of CD4 + FoxP3 + TIL exhibited increased PFS and OS. Conclusion . This study determined that combined TIL and anti‐PD1 therapy is safe and effective in metastatic osteosarcoma patients with chemotherapy resistance.