Diversity and Virulence of<i>Streptomyces</i>spp. Causing Potato Common Scab in Prince Edward Island, Canada

Abstract

Common scab (CS) is a potato disease that significantly decreases the market value of potato tubers after the development of necrotic lesions on their surface. <i>Streptomyces scabiei</i> is the main causal agent of CS; however, other closely related species, including <i>S. acidiscabies</i> and <i>S. turgidiscabies</i>, have also been shown to cause the disease. In this study, we characterized the genetic and phenotypic diversity of <i>Streptomyces</i> spp. causing CS in Prince Edward Island, the main potato-producing province in Canada. Two hundred and ninety-six pathogenic <i>Streptomyces</i> spp. isolates were retrieved from diseased tubers harvested from six fields located across a longitudinal geographical gradient. Genome fingerprinting analyses using repetitive elements PCR (ERIC- and BOX-PCR) revealed 14 distinct genetic groups. Thirteen groups were taxonomically affiliated with <i>S. scabiei</i>, whereas the fourteenth group was affiliated with <i>S. acidiscabies</i>. Their geographical distribution was characterized and revealed that on average between six and eight different genetic groups were detected per field, with variable abundance. Virulence assays showed strong differences in virulence between the genetic groups, ranging from low to highly virulent. Interestingly, pathogenic <i>Streptomyces</i> spp. populations in each field seem to be dominated by the most virulent genetic groups. The results obtained will contribute to better understanding of the population dynamic of pathogenic <i>Streptomyces</i> spp. causing CS of potato and promoting the development of more efficient detection and intervention tools to manage this important potato disease.