Downregulation of <scp>m⁶A</scp> reader <scp>YTHDC2</scp> promotes tumor progression and predicts poor prognosis in non‐small cell lung cancer

Abstract

BACKGROUND: A reader, is associated with multiple cancers; however, little is known of its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: The GEPIA, Oncomine and GEO databases were analyzed to assess expression of YTHDC2 in NSCLC patients. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect YTHDC2 expression in different NSCLC cell lines (H1299, H460, H292 and A549) and patients. The effects of YTHDC2 on NSCLC cell lines (A549 and H1299) proliferation and migration were employed using CCK8 and transwell assays. The potential target RNAs of YTHDC2 were obtained from the POSTAR database. Functional enrichment analysis of YTHDC2 targeted RNAs was performed using the Metascape database. RESULTS: GEPIA, Oncomine and GEO databases showed low expression of YTHDC2 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) patients. YTHDC2 expression was significantly decreased in different NSCLC cell lines and our clinical samples. Moreover, low expression of YTHDC2 was significantly associated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, tumor size and stage. In addition, YTHDC2 could suppress the proliferation and migration ability of A549 and H1299 cell lines. Kaplan-Meier Plotter database analysis revealed that patients with low level of YTHDC2 had a significantly poor prognosis. Finally, functional enrichment analysis of YTHDC2 targeted RNAs indicated several enriched pathways related to cancer. CONCLUSIONS: These findings elucidate that YTHDC2 suppresses tumorigenesis in NSCLC, indicating that YTHDC2 may be a promising therapeutic target for NSCLC. KEY POINTS: SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS OF THE STUDY: This study demonstrated that the downregulation of YTHDC2 promotes tumor progression and predicts poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: YTHDC2 might be a promising therapeutic target for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).