Valsartan Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Development, Characterization, and In vitro and Ex vivo Evaluation

Abstract

Qualitative analysis of a mucoadhesive polymeric (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, HPMC) suspension of norfloxacin was carried out with the aim of developing an oral controlled release gastro-retentive dosage form. The characterization of ultrasonicated formulation was performed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. For interpretation, FTIR (400-4000 cm-1 region) and Raman (140-2400 cm-1 region) spectra were used. XRD data of pure drug, polymer and the mucoadhesive polymeric suspension were obtained using a powder diffractometer, scanned from a Bragg’s angle (2θ) of 10˚ to 70˚. In addition, dispersion of particle was studied using SEM techniques. The results from FTIR and Raman spectroscopic analyses of the mucoadhesive suspension suggested that carboxylic groups of norfloxacin and hydroxyl groups of HPMC undergo chemical interaction leading to esterification and hydrogen bonding. The XRD data indicated the retention of crystalline nature of norfloxacin in the mucoadhesive suspension. Moreover, the SEM image analysis suggested that in the formulation, maximum particles exhibited network like structure to produce pseudoplastic flow. From our analysis, it may be concluded that it is feasible to prepare a homogeneous, uniformly dispersed, pharmaceutically stable controlled release norfloxacin suspension that has better bioavailability and penetration capacity.