Examining the Time to Transition From Nonsuicidal Self-Injury to Suicide Attempt

Abstract

<b></b> <i>Background:</i> Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a strong predictor of suicide attempts (SA). Characteristics of NSSI have been shown to influence the NSSI-SA relationship; however, the temporal nature of this association is understudied. <i>Aims:</i> This study aimed to elucidate the NSSI-SA relationship by examining the association between NSSI characteristics and time lapsed from NSSI onset to first SA. <i>Method:</i> Participants were 111 individuals with a history of NSSI that preceded their first SA who completed a series of self-report measures. <i>Results:</i> NSSI methods of cutting and burning, and the anti-dissociation function, were associated with a shorter transition time from NSSI to SA. Earlier age of NSSI onset and the interpersonal boundaries function were related to a longer time to transition. <i>Limitations:</i> This sample size was limited, and data were collected cross-sectionally. <i>Conclusion:</i> Findings provide foundational knowledge regarding NSSI characteristics to inform theoretical models of the NSSI-SA association. This information can inform suicide risk assessments among those with a history of NSSI.