Biomimetic Titanium Implant Coated with Extracellular Matrix Enhances and Accelerates Osteogenesis

Abstract

<b>Aim:</b> To evaluate the biological function of titanium implants coated with cell-derived mineralized extracellular matrix, which mimics a bony microenvironment. <b>Materials & methods:</b> A biomimetic titanium implant was fabricated primarily by modifying the titanium surface with TiO₂ nanotubes or sand-blasted, acid-etched topography, then was coated with mineralized extracellular matrix constructed by culturing bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. The osteogenic ability of biomimetic titanium surface <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> were evaluated. <b>Results:</b><i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies revealed that the biomimetic titanium implant enhanced and accelerated osteogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells by increasing cell proliferation and calcium deposition. <b>Conclusion:</b> By combining surface topography modification with biological coating, the results provided a valuable method to produce biomimetic titanium implants with excellent osteogenic ability.