Electrospinning Multilayered Scaffolds Loaded with Melatonin and Fe₃O₄ Magnetic Nanoparticles for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

Abstract

Abstract Peripheral nerve injury is a common clinical problem bringing heavy burden to patients, due to its high incidence and unsatisfactory treatment. Nerve guidance conduit (NGC) is a promising scaffold for peripheral nerve repair, and bioactive agents are applied for great functional recovery. Melatonin (MLT) and Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 ‐MNPs) are proven to inhibit oxidative stress, inflammation, and induce nerve regeneration. Herein, a multilayered composite NGC loaded with MLT and Fe 3 O 4 ‐MNPs is designed for sequential and sustainable drug release, creating an appropriate microenvironment for nerve regeneration. The composite scaffold shows sufficient mechanical strength and biocompatibility in vitro, and evidently promotes morphological, functional, and electrophysiological recovery of regenerated sciatic nerves in vivo. This work proves that the multilayered conduits show great prospect in the long‐term nerve defects treatment due to easy manufacture and desired efficacy.