The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data

TLDR

The FLUXNET2015 dataset compiles ecosystem‑scale CO₂, water, and energy exchange measurements from 212 globally distributed sites, totaling over 1,500 site‑years up to 2014, and is used in ecophysiology, remote sensing, and Earth‑system modeling studies. This paper presents the enhanced FLUXNET2015 dataset and its processing pipeline, providing derived products and open‑source code to improve accessibility, transparency, and reproducibility. The dataset was quality‑controlled and uniformly processed, producing gap‑filled time series, respiration and photosynthesis estimates, uncertainty metrics, and metadata, and is released under a CC‑BY 4.0 license.

Abstract

The FLUXNET2015 dataset provides ecosystem-scale data on CO2, water, and energy exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere, and other meteorological and biological measurements, from 212 sites around the globe (over 1500 site-years, up to and including year 2014). These sites, independently managed and operated, voluntarily contributed their data to create global datasets. Data were quality controlled and processed using uniform methods, to improve consistency and intercomparability across sites. The dataset is already being used in a number of applications, including ecophysiology studies, remote sensing studies, and development of ecosystem and Earth system models. FLUXNET2015 includes derived-data products, such as gap-filled time series, ecosystem respiration and photosynthetic uptake estimates, estimation of uncertainties, and metadata about the measurements, presented for the first time in this paper. In addition, 206 of these sites are for the first time distributed under a Creative Commons (CC-BY 4.0) license. This paper details this enhanced dataset and the processing methods, now made available as open-source codes, making the dataset more accessible, transparent, and reproducible.