Dynamic Polarization of Electron Spins Interacting with Nuclei in Semiconductor Nanostructures

Abstract

We suggest a new spin orientation mechanism for localized electrons: dynamic electron spin polarization provided by nuclear spin fluctuations. The detrimental effect of nuclear spin fluctuations can be harnessed and employed to provide angular momentum for the electrons via the hyperfine interaction in a weak magnetic field. For this, the sample is illuminated by an unpolarized light, which directly polarizes neither the electrons nor the nuclei. We predict that, for the electrons bound in localized excitons, 100% spin polarization can be reached in longitudinal magnetic fields of a few millitesla. The proof of principle experiment is performed on momentum-indirect excitons in $(\mathrm{In},\mathrm{Al})\mathrm{As}/\mathrm{AlAs}$ quantum dots, where in a magnetic field of 17 mT the electron spin polarization of 30% is measured.