Effects of Combined Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System Inhibitor and Beta-Blocker Treatment on Outcomes in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: Insights from BIOSTAT-CHF and ASIAN-HF Registries

Abstract

This study shows that best outcomes were observed in patients attaining GRTD for both ACEi/ARB and β-blockers, unfortunately this was rarely achieved. Achieving >50% GRTD of both drug classes was associated with better outcome than target dose of monotherapy. Up-titrating β-blockers to target dose was associated with greater mortality reduction than up-titrating ACEi/ARB.