The Electrochemical Society Interface · 2020 · 34 citations · 9 references
EngineeringChemical EngineeringMaterials EngineeringElectrochemical EngineeringElectrochemistryMetallurgyElectrochemical CellsElectrochemical Energy ConversionElectrode MaterialsElectrolysis ProcessesIndustrial ElectrochemistryProcess EconomicsCapital Cost MinimizationCurrent DensityElectrochemical Model-based EstimationElectrochemical ModelingElectrochemical ProcessesMetal ExtractionPreliminary Cost EstimationTechnoeconomic Analysis
Novel electrolysis processes remain strong technological contenders for advances in sustainable materials processing, in particular metals, yet will need to compete economically with currently-deployed production facilities. To evaluate the technoeconomic efficacy of new electrolytic metal extraction processes, an understanding of the capital and operating costs of electrowinning is necessary. Estimation of electrochemical operating costs has been afforded due attention, yet capital cost (CAPEX) trends are far less understood. Herein, we attempt to show that estimating the capital costs of electrowinning processes via conventional chemical engineering scaling laws is not possible. Instead, we propose a capital cost model for electrochemical processes based on relevant operating parameters such as current density, temperature, and voltage. The new model for capital cost describes within ±30 to 100% the capex for existing electrochemical processes, sufficient for order of magnitude and preliminary design capital cost estimation.
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Perry's chemical engineers' handbook
Don Wesley Green, Robert Howard Perry · Choice Reviews Online · 2008 · 10.2K citations · Full text
Fuel Cells: From Fundamentals to Applications
Materials Today · 2006 · 520 citations · Full text
Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Electrical Engineering +17