Selective Inhibition of <i>Streptococci</i> Biofilm Growth via a Hydroxylated Azobenzene Coating

Abstract

Abstract Strategies to engineer surfaces that can enable the selective inhibition of bacterial pathogens while preserving beneficial microbes can serve as tools to precisely edit the microbiome. In the oral microbiome, this selectivity is crucial in preventing the proliferation of cariogenic species such as Streptococcus mutans ( S. mutans ). In this communication, coatings consisting of a covalently tethered hydroxylated azobenzene (OH‐AAZO) on glassy acrylic resins are studied and characterized for their ability to selectively prevent the attachment and growth of oral Streptococci biofilms. The coating applied on the surface of glassy resins inhibits the growth and proliferation of cariogenic S. mutans and S. oralis biofilms while A. actinomycetemcomitans , S. aureus , and E. coli biofilms are unaffected by the coating . The antibacterial effect is characterized as a function of both the OH‐AAZO concentration in the coatings (≥50 mg mL −1 ) and the structure of the monomer in the coating. Preliminary mechanistic results suggest that the targeted bactericidal effect against Streptococci species is caused by a disruption of membrane ion potential, inducing cell death.