Antimalarial Activity of Flavonoid Compound Isolated from Leaves of Artocarpus altilis

Abstract

An ethanol extract of A.altilis leaves actively inhibited the growth of P. falciparum in vitro with IC 50 values 1.32 g/ml, and was highly active against P. berghei in vivo with ED 50 values 0.82 mg/kg body weight. While stem bark extract from A. altilis showed a very good in vivo activity against P. berghei, and weak in vitro activity against P. falciparum. The previous study showed that another species of genus Artocarpus reported that prenylflavonoid compounds isolated from A. champeden stem bark extract. A. champeden stem bark extract contains artocarpones A, artocarpone B, artoindonesianin E, heteroflavanone C, artoindonesianin R, heterophyllin, artoindonesianin A-2, cycloheterophyllin, and artonin. Heteroflavanone C had the most active inhibition against P. falciparum with IC 50 values 1 nmol/L. 8 A prenylated chalcone, isolated from A. champeden stem bark extract, namely morachalcone A, was identified as a antimalarial active marker compound. 9 Leaves and stembark extract from another species, Artocarpus heterophyllus and Artocarpus camansi, also has been reported to have good antimalarial activity against P. falciparum and P. berghei.