Potential of rice straw biochar, sulfur and ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne</i> L.) in remediating soil contaminated with nickel through irrigation with untreated wastewater

Abstract

These results indicate that the biochar and sulfur could be applied separately to remediate the Ni²⁺-contaminated soils either through adsorbing the Ni²⁺ by biochar or increasing the Ni²⁺ availability by sulfur to be easily uptaken by the hyper-accumulator plant, and hence promote a sustainable agriculture.