Multi-Frequency Multi-Scenario Millimeter Wave MIMO Channel Measurements and Modeling for B5G Wireless Communication Systems

TLDR

Millimeter‑wave bands are used in 5G and will continue to be deployed for beyond‑5G, yet channel characteristics across multiple frequencies and scenarios have not been fully investigated with a unified sounder, especially for outdoor MIMO and V2V conditions. The study aims to conduct multi‑frequency multi‑scenario mmWave MIMO channel measurements and develop blockage, path‑loss, and time‑varying channel models. Measurements were performed with 4×4 antennas at 28, 32, and 39 GHz for human‑body and vehicle‑blockage, outdoor path‑loss, and V2V scenarios, and the resulting data were used to propose the models. The measurements revealed blockage effects, path‑loss characteristics, coverage range, non‑stationarity, and spatial consistency, and the proposed models provide insights for B5G deployments in indoor, outdoor, and vehicular networks.

Abstract

Millimeter wave (mmWave) bands have been utilized for the fifth generation (5G) communication systems and will no doubt continue to be deployed for beyond 5G (B5G). However, the underlying channels are not fully investigated at multi-frequency bands and in multi-scenarios by using the same channel sounder, especially for the outdoor, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) conditions. In this paper, we conduct multi-frequency multi-scenario mmWave MIMO channel measurements with 4 × 4 antennas at 28, 32, and 39 GHz bands for three cases, i.e., the human body and vehicle blockage measurements, outdoor path loss measurements, and V2V measurements. The channel characteristics, including blockage effect, path loss and coverage range, and non-stationarity and spatial consistency, are thoroughly studied. The blockage model, path loss model, and time-varying channel model are proposed for mmWave MIMO channels. The channel measurement and modeling results will be of great importance for further mmWave communication system deployments in indoor hotspot, outdoor, and vehicular network scenarios for B5G.