New antimicrobial and cytotoxic benzofuran glucoside from <i>Senecio glaucus</i> L

Abstract

The ethyl acetate fraction of the dried aerial parts of <i>Senecio glaucus</i> L. exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against some of selected bacteria and fungi. Also, it showed potent cytotoxicity against PANC-1 cancer cell lines under glucose deficient medium. The ethyl acetate fraction was subjected to different chromatographic techniques for isolation of the bioactive compounds. A new benzofuran glucoside; 2,3-dihydro-3<i>β</i>-hydroxyeuparin 3-O-glucopyranoside (<b>1</b>) was isolated. Additionally, two known flavonoid compounds isorhamentin 3-O-<i>β</i>-D-glucoside (<b>2</b>), and isorhamentin 3-O-<i>β</i>-D-rutinoside (<b>3</b>) were first identified in <i>S. glaucus</i>. Compound <b>1</b> exhibited potent antimicrobial activities against two Gram-positive bacteria, one Gram-negative bacteria, and two fungi. Also, it displayed potent cytotoxic activity against PANC-1 cancer cell lines under glucose deficient medium (IC50 7.5 μM). However, the isolated flavonoid glycosides (<b>2</b> & <b>3</b>) showed moderate antimicrobial activities against two Gram-positive bacteria, two Gram-negative bacteria, four fungi, and did not show any cytotoxic activity against PANC-1.