<p>Silver Nanoparticle-Induced Apoptosis in ARPE-19 Cells Is Inhibited by <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> Pre-Infection Through Suppression of NOX4-Dependent ROS Generation</p>

Abstract

AgNPs induced mitochondrial apoptosis in human RPE cells combined with cell cycle dysregulation and autophagy; however, these effects were significantly inhibited by <i>T. gondii</i> pre-infection by suppression of NOX4-mediated ROS production, suggesting that <i>T. gondii</i> is a strong inhibitory modulator of nanotoxicity in in vitro models.