Laser direct writing of carbonaceous sensors on cardboard for human health and indoor environment monitoring

Abstract

, a broad sensing range (0.009-50 kPa), and a high mechanical durability (over 11 000 cycles), all of which are promising for human health monitoring. The LDW-temperature and humidity devices have sensitivities of -0.002/°C and 36.75 fF per %RH, respectively. A prototype is developed using cardboard integrated with temperature and humidity sensors, which not only serves as an ornament to decorate homes but also works as a sensor platform for indoor environment monitoring. Systematic investigation of the LDW manufacturing process, sensing mechanisms, and sensor design and evaluation illustrates the key aspects of carbonaceous sensors.