Retinal Microcirculation Defects on OCTA Correlate with Active Inflammation and Vision in Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada Disease

Abstract

<b>Purpose</b>: To analyze quantitative OCT-angiography (OCTA) measurements of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease at different disease stages.<b>Methods</b>: OCTA scans of 110 VKH patients in acute uveitic, convalescent and chronic recurrent stage were reviewed; posterior uveitis recurrent cases were excluded. Superficial and deep capillary plexus (SCP and DCP) vascular densities (VD) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) were compared.<b>Results</b>: DCP VD was significantly lower and SFCT higher in VKH than normal controls (NC) in all 3 stages (all <i>p</i> < .001). Anterior uveitis recurrent patients had lower SCP and DCP VDs and thicker SFCT than convalescent patients (<i>p</i> = .001, <i>p</i> < .001, and <i>p</i> = .003, respectively). DCP VD was significantly correlated with visual acuity (<i>p</i> < .05). Patients with history of anterior recurrence had lower retinal VDs in the convalescent stage than those without (<i>p</i> < .001).<b>Conclusion</b>: Retinal microcirculation is impaired in VKH. DCP VD might be a sensitive indicator of inflammatory status and appeared to be well associated with visual outcome.