Antiviral, Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Cytotoxic Silver(I) BioMOF Assembled from 1,3,5-Triaza-7-Phoshaadamantane and Pyromellitic Acid

Abstract

The present study reports the synthesis, characterization, and crystal structure of a novel bioactive metal-organic framework, [Ag₄(<i>µ</i>-PTA)₂<i>(µ</i>₃-PTA)₂(<i>µ</i>₄-pma)(H₂O)₂]_n·6nH₂O (bioMOF <b>1</b>), which was assembled from silver(I) oxide, 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA), and pyromellitic acid (H₄pma). This product was isolated as a stable microcrystalline solid and characterized by standard methods, including elemental analysis, ¹H and ³¹P{¹H} NMR and FTIR spectroscopy, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal structure of <b>1</b> disclosed a very complex ribbon-pillared 3D metal-organic framework driven by three different types of bridging ligands (<i>µ</i>-PTA, <i>µ</i>₃-PTA, and <i>µ</i>₄-pma^4-). Various bioactivity characteristics of bioMOF <b>1</b> were investigated, revealing that this compound acts as a potent antimicrobial against pathogenic strains of standard Gram-negative (<i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>) and Gram-positive (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) bacteria, as well as a yeast (<i>Candida albicans</i>). Further, <b>1</b> showed significant antiviral activity against human adenovirus 36 (HAdV-36). Finally, bioMOF <b>1</b> revealed high cytotoxicity toward an abnormal epithelioid cervix carcinoma (HeLa) cell line with low toxicity toward a normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cell line. This study not only broadens the family of PTA-based coordination polymers but also highlights their promising multifaceted bioactivity.