Systematic review of Internet of Things in smart farming

ABSTRACT Agriculture unquestionably is one of the traditional occupations, which feeds all mankind in the world. Continuous changes are happening in the agricultural field to increase production. Researchers are applying various techniques to improve farming methods. To monitor plants even from remote places and to improve the yield of plants, Internet of Things (IoT), which is a boon in today's world, is applied in farming, in general, known as smart farming. Smart farming is a way where the farmers can monitor their field and manage farming activities from remote places. This reduces man power and increases resource utilization in farming. In this article, we have studied the architecture of smart farming and studied different smart farming techniques, also we have classified smart farming techniques into three categories, namely, IoT‐based agricultural monitoring and controlling system, automatic irrigation system, and plant disease monitoring system. The review for the article is selected based on the systematic literature review method, and articles published from 2011 to 2019 are considered for review. Different IoT technologies such as sensors, gateway, communication system, user interface and experiment nature, plant type, disease type, advantages, and limitations are also reviewed. Future research direction and challenges in smart farming techniques are also discussed.