A MINLP Model to Optimize Battery Placement and Operation in Smart Grids

Abstract

This paper proposes a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model (MINLP) to address the battery energy storage system placement problem (BESP). The solution provides the battery energy storage system (BES) operational policy and a solution for the BESP in order to achieve the reduction of energy losses cost. The model considers AC power flow and voltage magnitude constraints; the battery equations are included into the model in order to provide its daily operation. It also considers a photovoltaic energy plant connected to the distribution feeder. The computational studies evaluate the energy costs and the maximum voltage in each bus of a 34- bus test feeder. The results show that the BES policy can reduce up to 24% of the costs with energy losses depending on the result of BESP; besides, the BES operation allows a reduction in the maximum voltage for all scenarios.