Quantum-enhanced stimulated emission detection for label-free microscopy

Abstract

Nonlinear optical microscopy techniques have emerged as a set of successful tools for biological imaging. Stimulated emission microscopy belongs to a small subset of pump–probe techniques, which can image non-fluorescent samples without requiring fluorescent labeling. However, its sensitivity has been shown to be ultimately limited by the quantum fluctuations in the probe beam. We propose and experimentally implement sub-shot-noise limited stimulated emission microscopy by preparing the probe pulse in an intensity-squeezed state. This technique paves the way for imaging delicate biological samples that have no detectable fluorescence with sensitivity beyond standard quantum fluctuations.