Exercise and lifestyle physical activity recommendations for people with multiple sclerosis throughout the disease course

Abstract

Based on current evidence and expert opinion, the Society makes the following recommendations, endorsed by the Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers:Healthcare providers should endorse and promote the benefits/safety of exercise and lifestyle physical activity for every person with MS.Early evaluation by a physical or occupational therapist or exercise or sport scientist, experienced in MS (hereafter referred to as "specialists"), is recommended to establish an individualized exercise and/or lifestyle physical activity plan.Taking into account comorbidities and symptom fluctuations, healthcare providers should encourage ⩾150 min/week of exercise and/or ⩾150 min/week of lifestyle physical activity.Progress toward these targets should be gradual, based on the person's abilities, preferences, and safety.If disability increases and exercise/physical activity becomes more challenging, referrals to specialists are essential to ensure safe and appropriate prescriptions.When physical mobility is very limited, exercise should be facilitated by a trained assistant.