Role of acid mixtures etching on the surface chemistry and sodium ion storage in Ti₃C₂T_x MXene

Abstract

Two-dimensional transition metal carbides and/or nitrides (MXenes) have shown promise in developing electrochemical storage of metal ions within conductive galleries due to redox reactions with transition metal atoms. Here, effect of surface chemistry on electrochemical storage of sodium ions within MXene interlayers is investigated by etching Ti₃AlC₂ MAX using different etchants - HF, HF/HCl, and HF/H₂SO₄.