A Practical 3D-Printed Model for Training of Endoscopic and Exoscopic Intracerebral Hematoma Surgery with a Tubular Retractor

Abstract

Our model was practical for endoscopic and exoscopic ICH surgery training. The results of our program showed that prior surgical experience benefited the mastery of both the endoscopic and the exoscopic ICH surgery in the 3D-printed model. Our model could make mastering basic skills more efficient.