Investigation on microstructure and its transformation mechanisms of B ₂ O ₃ -SiO ₂ -Al ₂ O ₃ -CaO brazing flux system

Abstract

Abstract The B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -CaO brazing fluxes and slags were investigated by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The microstructure of the fluxes and slags and its transformation mechanism during the brazing process were investigated, especially the effect of ratio of B 2 O 3 to SiO 2 (B 2 O 3 /SiO 2 ) on the microstructural transformation was analyzed. The results show that the structure units of the fluxes and slags are [BO 4 ], [BO 3 ], [SiO 4 ], [AlO 4 ] and [AlO 6 ], and the network structure is a silicon-boron network structure. The O in the slags consist of bridged oxygen, non-bridged oxygen and free oxygen. During the brazing process, part of the [BO 4 ] in slag combined with silica-oxygen network to form Si-O-B structure, which contribute to the network structure of slag, and another part of the [BO 4 ] was transformed to [BO 3 ]. The increase of (B 2 O 3 /SiO 2 ) contribute to the transformation of [BO 4 ] to [BO 3 ], and more B 2 O 3 take part in the interface reaction with the increase of (B 2 O 3 /SiO 2 ). Therefore, the increase of (B 2 O 3 /SiO 2 ) leads to the decrease in the viscosity of the slag, which is beneficial to the spreading behavior during the brazing process.