Diagnostic utility of clinical laboratory data determinations for patients with the severe COVID‐19

TLDR

The role of clinical laboratory data in distinguishing severe from non‑severe COVID‑19 remains unclear. This study sought to identify laboratory warning indices predictive of severe COVID‑19. The authors examined 43 hospitalized adults, categorizing them into mild (28) and severe (15) groups. Elevated IL‑6, d‑dimer, glucose, thrombin time, fibrinogen, and CRP distinguished severe cases, with IL‑6 and d‑dimer thresholds of 24.3 µg/L and 0.28 µg/mL yielding AUCs of 0.795 and 0.750, respectively, and combined testing achieving an AUC of 0.840, 93.3 % specificity, and 96.4 % sensitivity, underscoring their clinical value for early severity prediction.

Abstract

Abstract The role of clinical laboratory data in the differential diagnosis of the severe forms of COVID‐19 has not been definitely established. The aim of this study was to look for the warning index in severe COVID‐19 patients. We investigated 43 adult patients with COVID‐19. The patients were classified into mild group (28 patients) and severe group (15 patients). A comparison of the hematological parameters between the mild and severe groups showed significant differences in interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), d ‐dimer ( d ‐D), glucose, thrombin time, fibrinogen, and C‐reactive protein ( P < .05). The optimal threshold and area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) of IL‐6 were 24.3 and 0.795 µg/L, respectively, while those of d ‐D were 0.28 and 0.750 µg/L, respectively. The area under the ROC curve of IL‐6 combined with d ‐D was 0.840. The specificity of predicting the severity of COVID‐19 during IL‐6 and d ‐D tandem testing was up to 93.3%, while the sensitivity of IL‐6 and d ‐D by parallel test in the severe COVID‐19 was 96.4%. IL‐6 and d ‐D were closely related to the occurrence of severe COVID‐19 in the adult patients, and their combined detection had the highest specificity and sensitivity for early prediction of the severity of COVID‐19 patients, which has important clinical value.