Graphene-modulated assembly of zinc phthalocyanine on BiVO₄ nanosheets for efficient visible-light catalytic conversion of CO₂

Abstract

Ultrathin zinc phthalocyanine/graphene/BiVO4 heterojunctions have been successfully synthesized for efficient wide visible-light catalytic conversion of CO2 to CO with 14-time photoactivity improvement compared to the bare BiVO4 nanosheet, attributed to the strengthened Z-scheme charge transfer and separation by increasing the optimized amount of highly dispersed ZnPc via the pre-modified graphene-modulated assembly.