Enhanced Electromechanical Properties of 0.65Bi_1.05FeO₃–0.35BaTiO₃ Ceramics through Optimizing Sintering Conditions

Abstract

Lead‐free piezoelectric 0.65Bi 1.05 FeO 3 –0.35BaTiO 3 (BF–35BT) ceramics are synthesized via conventional solid‐state reaction by varying sintering dwell time ( t s ). The crystalline phase, microstructures, and piezoelectric properties of BF–35BT are evaluated at room temperature. BF–35BT ceramics with improved electrical properties in a narrow range of t s are obtained. Enhanced electromechanical properties are obtained in ceramics sintered at 1000 °C for 3 h. X‐ray diffraction reveals a single perovskite structure with pseudocubic symmetry. A prominent enhancement in remanent polarization ( P r ) and coercive field ( E c ) is obtained. Typical ferroelectric behaviors are obtained, whereas unipolar and bipolar strains are enhanced with increasing t s . The static piezoelectric constants ( d 33 ) = 187 pC N −1 , whereas dynamic piezoelectric constants ( d * 33 ) = 387 pm V −1 at a field of 5 kV mm −1 with Curie temperature ( T C ) = 422 °C.