Fabrication of a Micro-Electromechanical System-Based Acetone Gas Sensor Using CeO₂ Nanodot-Decorated WO₃ Nanowires

Abstract

Preparation of reliable, stable, and highly responsive gas-sensing devices for the detection of acetone has been considered to be a key issue for the development of accurate disease diagnosis systems via exhaled breath. In this paper, novel CeO₂ nanodot-decorated WO₃ nanowires are successfully synthesized through a sequential hydrothermal and thermolysis process. Such CeO₂ nanodot-decorated WO₃ nanowires exhibited a remarkable enhancement in acetone-sensing performance based on a miniaturized micro-electromechanical system device, which affords high response (<i>S</i> = 1.30-500 ppb, 1.62-2.5 ppm), low detection limit (500 ppb), and superior selectivity toward acetone. The improved performance of the acetone sensor is likely to be originated from the fast carrier transportation of WO₃ nanowires, the formation of WO₃-CeO₂ heterojunctions, and the existence of large amounts of oxygen vacancies in CeO₂. The improved reaction thermodynamics and sensing mechanisms have also been revealed by the specific band alignment and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis.