<p>Co-Incidence of Type II Topoisomerase Mutations and Efflux Expression in High Fluoroquinolone Resistant <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections</p>

Abstract

Co-incidence of mutation and efflux gene expression in more than half of isolates (13/20) suggests that both mechanisms may play a role in fluoroquinolone resistance. The other unknown mechanisms including different efflux pumps and probably other QRDRs mutations may contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance in <i>E. faecalis</i>.