Prognostic factors for short‐term survival of dogs that experience postattenuation seizures after surgical correction of single congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts: 93 cases (2005‐2018)

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To identify prognostic factors for short-term survival of dogs that experience seizures within 7 days after surgical correction of single congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts (cEHPSS). STUDY DESIGN: Multi-institutional retrospective study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Ninety-three client-owned dogs. METHODS: Medical records at 14 veterinary institutions were reviewed to identify dogs that underwent surgical attenuation of a single cEHPSS from January 1, 2005 through February 28, 2018 and experienced postattenuation seizures (PAS) within 7 days postoperatively. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with 1-month survival. Factors investigated included participating institution, signalment, shunt morphology, concurrent/historical conditions, presence of preoperative neurologic signs, presence of preoperative seizures, aspects of preoperative medical management, surgical details including method and degree of shunt attenuation, type of PAS (focal only or generalized ± focal), drugs administered as part of the treatment of PAS, and development of complications during treatment of PAS. RESULTS: Thirty (32.3%) dogs survived to 30 days. Seventy-six (81.7%) dogs experienced generalized PAS. Factors positively associated with short-term survival included having a history of preoperative seizures (P = .004) and development of focal PAS only (P = .0003). Most nonsurvivors were humanely euthanized because of uncontrolled or recurrent seizures. CONCLUSION: Dogs that experienced PAS that had a history of preoperative seizures and those that experienced focal PAS only had significantly improved short-term survival. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The results of this study provide information that will help in the counseling of owners who seek treatment for PAS after surgical correction of cEHPSS. © 2020 The American College of Veterinary Surgeons.