Generic Optical Excitations of Correlated Systems: <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>π</mml:mi></mml:math>-tons

Abstract

The interaction of light with solids gives rise to new bosonic quasiparticles, with the exciton being-undoubtedly-the most famous of these polaritons. While excitons are the generic polaritons of semiconductors, we show that for strongly correlated systems another polariton is prevalent-originating from the dominant antiferromagnetic or charge density wave fluctuations in these systems. As these are usually associated with a wave vector (π,π,…) or close to it, we propose to call the derived polaritons π-tons. These π-tons yield the leading vertex correction to the optical conductivity in all correlated models studied: the Hubbard, the extended Hubbard model, the Falicov-Kimball, and the Pariser-Parr-Pople model, both in the insulating and in the metallic phase.